ISSN 1995-5537

"Biotechnology" journal V. 4, No. 5, 2011
Р. 90-96, Bibliography 10, Ukrainian.
Universal Decimal classification: 542: 582.287.238: 581.184.20
https://doi.org/10.15407/biotech8.02.058

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE FROZEN OUT METHANOL EXTRACTS
FROM TRUE MUSHROOMS BASIDIOMS

 L. V. Panchak, M. V. Tsivinska, V. O. Antonyuk, R. S. Stoika

Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University;

Ivan Franko Lviv National University 3Scientific-Research Center
of Criminalistic Expertise in Lviv Region at the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine;

Institute of Cell Biology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv

Nowadays the research of the mushroom chemical composition and elaboration of the methods of bioactive substances obtaining from them is an important task because they can serve as a source of important pharmacological active or food substances. The chemical composition of sediments that are created at freezing to –18 °C of the methanol extracts obtained from true mushrooms basidioms was investigated in the work. The sediments from the fruit bodies of basidioms of 22 species of mushrooms (21 basidial species and 1 ascomycetes species) were analyzed by gasliquid chromatography — mass-spectrometric analysis. Several groups of substances: sugar alcogols (mannitol and sorbitol); 2) fatty acids and its derivatives; 3) ergosterol (provitamin D2); 4) gibberellin A3 (little per cent in some mushrooms) were definitly identified in the obtained sediments.

It was determined that mannitol predominated in sediments of methanol extracts from all 4 examined Russula mushrooms species (100 % in R. aeruginea, 98,3 % in R. adusta, 96,2 % in R. foetens and 79,2 % in R. delica). In methanol extract sediments of some Lactarius species, except for mannitol and sorbitol, it was found out high content of fatty acids and their derivatives. In particular, high content of stearic acid was found in related species of mushrooms L. piperatus, L. pergamenus and L. vellereus. Less content of stearic acid has been founded in L. quietus, L. rерraesentaneus, L. rufus , and oleic acid showed predominance in L. соntroversus, L. volemus. According to mass_spectroscopic data, a sediment from methanol extract of Amanita muscaria consisted of methyl ester oleic acid (28%) and oleic acid (72%). Ergosterol was found in sediment of 8 species. Clitocybe nebularis contained 91% of ergosterol, and Fomistopsis pinicola, Laetiporus sulphureus and Sarcoscypha coccinea — contained over 50% of ergosterol. Gibberellin А3 was found in methanol extracts of the basidiomes of L. rufus and L. flexuosus. Based on the results of the study it was concluded that a stage of freezing of methanol extracts was reasonable to use in technology of purification of biologically active substances from the mushroom basidiomes.

Key words: fungi, methanol extract, massspectrometry, mannitol, sorbitol, fatty acids, ergosterol, gibberellin А3.

© Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 2008