ISSN 2410-7751 (Print)
ISSN 2410-776X (Online)

Biotechnologia Acta Т. 18, No. 2, 2025
P.  , Bibliography 5 , Engl.

UDC 577.112.7:616

THE MULTIFACETED ROLE OF ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM STRESS IN THE REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION IN NORMAL ASTROCYTES AND GLIOBLASTOMA CELLS

O.V. Rudnytska, M.Y. Sliusar, Y.V. Kulish

Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv

Aim. To determine the role of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in regulating gene expression in normal astrocytes and glioblastoma cells under the application of carbon nanoparticles as anti-tumor agents.

Methods. Experiments were conducted on normal human astrocytes of the NHA/TS line and glioblastoma cell sublines U87MG. To study the impact of carbon nanoparticles, aqueous dispersions of graphene oxide (GO) and aqueous suspensions of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were used. Methods of knockdown and silencing were applied to determine the role of the ERN1 signaling protein and its enzymatic activities. The measurement of mRNA and microRNA expression levels was carried out using RT-PCR.

Results. It was shown that the expression of serine biosynthesis genes depends on the enzymatic activities of the ERN1 signaling protein, which influences glioblastoma cell proliferation. Furthermore, the functional activity of ERN1 modifies the effects of hypoxia and nutrient deficiency on gene expression, which are significant factors in tumor growth. Comparison of the effects of SWCNTs and GO on normal astrocytes and glioblastoma cells demonstrated a more pronounced increase in studied gene expression levels in normal astrocytes than in glioblastoma cells.

Conclusions. Endoplasmic reticulum stress plays an important role in regulating the expression of various regulatory genes in both normal and tumor cells. It also controls the effects of hypoxia and carbon nanoparticles on gene expression.

Keywords: ER stress, mRNA and microRNA expression, serine synthesis genes, hypoxia, carbon nanoparticles, glioblastoma cells, normal astrocytes

© Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 2025