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Biotechnologia Acta Т. 19, No. 3, 2026
P. 24-31, Bibliography 52, Engl.
UDC:  UDC 628.331:628.35:576.3.7
doi: https://doi.org/10.15407/biotech19.03.024

Full text: (PDF, in English)

ANALYSIS AND SELECTION OF TECHNOLOGY FOR PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL FROM MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER

K.S. KYRYCHENKO http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2076-8239
L.A. SABLII http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4217-3535

National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”

Phosphorus removal from municipal wastewater is essential to prevent eutrophication and support the transition toward a circular economy. Efficient treatment requires not only compliance with discharge standards but also consideration of the potential for resource recovery.

Aim. To analyze modern phosphorus removal technologies and to develop recommendations for process optimization using mathematical modeling.

Methods. The study was based on the analysis of EU regulatory documents, Ukrainian standards, EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) guidelines, and scientific literature (2000-2026). Special attention was given to enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR), combined treatment systems, phosphorus recovery technologies, and modeling approaches such as ASM2d.

Results. Chemical precipitation provides high phosphorus removal efficiency (up to 90–95%), but it also significantly increases sludge production. EBPR reduces sludge formation and operational costs but is sensitive to influent conditions. Systems that combine EBPR with chemical post-treatment achieve the highest efficiency (up to 99,6%) with a moderate increase in sludge (10-20%).

Conclusions. The combination of biological phosphorus removal with chemical polishing is the most effective and economically viable solution. This approach enables phosphorus removal efficiencies exceeding 95% while minimizing sludge production and supporting resource recovery strategies.

Keywords: biotechnology, microorganisms, wastewater treatment, phosphorus removal, modelling

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© Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 2026

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Biotechnologia Acta Т. 19, No. 3, 2026
P. 32-45 , Bibliography 33 , Engl.
UDC:  615.37:577.27:543.42
doi: https://doi.org/10.15407/biotech19.03.032

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EVALUATION OF A TRIS-GLYCINE BUFFER MODIFICATION FOR ANTICOMPLEMENTARY ACTIVITY TESTING OF IMMUNOGLOBULIN G PREPARATIONS

O.V. Yatsenko ¹, M.V. Mylenko¹, O.M. Dyshliuk¹, K. O. Yefymenko¹, Y,D. Vinnіchuk², A,Yu. Labyntsev²,
O,,S. Osypchuk¹

¹ Biopharma Plasma LLC, Bila Tserkva, Kyiv region, Ukraine
² Palladin Institute of biochemistry of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv

Polyvalent human intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is a complex protein preparation obtained from human plasma and requires strict quality control to ensure safety and clinical efficacy. One important quality attribute is anticomplementary activity (ACA), which reflects the potential of immunoglobulin preparations to activate the complement system.

Aim. The study aimed to assess the applicability of the Tris-glycine buffer as an alternative to the pharmacopoeial barbital buffer and to provide practical guidance for laboratories performing ACA testing.

Methods. Тwo approaches for determining ACA were evaluated: the method described in the European Pharmacopeia (Ph. Eur.) and a modified procedure using a Tris-glycine buffer. Тwo approaches for determining ACA were evaluated: the method described in the European Pharmacopeia (Ph. Eur.) and a modified procedure using a Tris-glycine buffer. The tested immunoglobulins were obtained by fractionation of donor blood plasma (de-identified blood samples). Complement activity was evaluated by determining the degree of hemolysis of activated complement. ACA was assayed according to the method described in Ph. Eur. 01/2018:20617 by calculating the ratio of the activity of bound complement in the tested sample (solutions of the preparation and standard samples) to its output activity in the control sample. Data were analyzed using linear regression and a two-tailed Student's t-test (Microsoft Excel).

Results. We tested the Tris-glycine buffer-based modification for the ACA assay. The methodology was effectively reproduced and verified to meet the requirements specified in the Ph. Eur. monograph 01/2018:20617. In addition, the workflow has been optimized, increasing analytical productivity by using deep-well plates instead of individual microtubes, reducing hands-on time, and improving reproducibility by minimizing operator-dependent variability. Ноwever, when barbital buffer is replaced with a Tris-glycine buffer, samples must be adjusted to pH 7.0 before analysis, as the buffering capacity of Tris-glycine is insufficient to maintain a stable pH in the reaction mixture. Under these conditions, all tested samples met the acceptance criteria, with ACA values below 50% (less than 1 CH50/mL per 1 mg of immunoglobulin), indicating minimal complement activation.

Conclusion. The proposed modification represents a practical optimization of the known method, the AСA assay. It facilitates more efficient and reproducible testing in quality control laboratories, while maintaining compliance with established safety criteria for immunoglobulin G preparations.

Keywords: anticomplementary activity, immunoglobulin preparation, quality control.

O. V. YATSENKO  https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6060-4870
M. V. MYLENKO  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2662-2137
O. M. DYSHLIUK  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1841-0716
K. O. YEFYMENKO  https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2347-5389
Yu. D. VINNІCHUK  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3148-8067
A. Yu. LABYNTSEV  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1793-4630
O. S. OSYPCHUK  https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9224-7577 

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Biotechnologia Acta Т. 19, No. 3, 2026
P. 46-55, Bibliography 38 , Engl.
UDC:  615.28:577.1:582.711.71
doi:  https://doi.org/10.15407/biotech19.03.046

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ENCAPSULATİON OF LAUROCERASUS OFFİCİNALİS AND İTS ANTİPROLİFERATİVE EFFECT ON COLORECTAL CANCER CELL LİNE

Deniz ÖZDEMİR¹, Esma Nur BULUT ², Seher SARUHAN ¹, İkbal ABDURRAHMANOĞLU ³, Can Ali AĞCA ^3*

¹ Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Institute, Bingol University, Türkiye
² Department of Food Technology, Food Agriculture and Livestock Vocational School, Bingöl University, TÜRKİYE
³ Bingöl University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Türkiye

Aim. Laurocerasus officinalis, also known as cherry laurel, is frequently used in cancer treatment due to its high antioxidant capacity. Encapsulation technology aims to protect phenolic compounds from external factors, such as heat, light, and moisture, while preserving their bioactive properties. This study aimed to enhance the bioavailability of Laurocerasus officinalis fruit extract through starch-based encapsulation and to evaluate its cytotoxic, antiproliferative, and anti-migratory effects on the HCT-116 colorectal cancer cell line.

Methods. Laurocerasus officinalis was encapsulated and characterized by FT-IR and SEM analyses. Cytotoxicity of cherry laurel extract encapsulation in HCT-116 cells was assessed using CVDK-8, cell migration by wound healing assay, and cell death by acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining.

Results. The TPC value of cherry laurel fruit was determined as 13407.05 mg GAE/kg, while the TPC value of the starch-encapsulated extract was obtained as 1216.67 mg GAE/kg. On the other hand, encapsulation of cherry laurel fruit extract demonstrated an antiproliferative effect, reducing HCT-116 cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Further analyses supported the finding that encapsulated cherry laurel extract reduced cell migration and increased apoptotic cell death.

Conclusion. Overall, these findings suggest that the encapsulated Laurocerasus officinalis extract exhibits promising antiproliferative potential against HCT-116 cells; however, additional in vitro and in vivo studies are required to elucidate its mechanisms of action further and confirm its therapeutic efficacy.

Keywords: Cherry Laurel, Colorectal Cancer, Encapsulation, Cell Migration, Apoptosis.

Deniz ÖZDEMİR https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7659-742X
Esma Nur BULUT https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1740-7152
Seher SARUHAN https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1641-8519
İkbal ABDURRAHMANOĞLU https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3190-6173
Can Ali AĞCA ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0244-3767

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Biotechnologia Acta V. 19, No. 3, 2026
P. 77-89, Bibliography 44 , Engl.
UDC:  577.3:615.28:612.12
doi: https://doi.org/10.15407/biotech19.03.077

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BIOCOMPATIBILITY OF C₆₀ FULLERENE WITH THE HEMOSTATIC SYSTEM

V.O. Chernyshenko, O.P. Matyshevska, Yu.D. Vinnіchuk, A.Yu. Labyntsev, O.E. Lugovska

Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine

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Molecular compounds containing allotropic forms of carbon are intensively studied in various areas of science, such as nanobiotechnology, biomedicine, and pharmacology, for their practical application prospects. The most well-known carbon-based nanoparticles are the fullerene C₆₀, a spherical cage with distinctive physical, chemical, and biological characteristics (stability, biocompatibility, and antioxidant, antitumor, and photosensitizing properties). However, understanding the mechanisms by which these particles influence the body's regulatory and integral systems is necessary to prevent potential human health risks in clinical practice.
Aim. The impact of fullerene C₆₀ on the cardiovascular system was examined, with particular focus on hemostasis, to assess its safety for biomedical applications.

Methods. The study focused on the platelet, coagulation, anticoagulation, and fibrinolysis pathways of hemostasis.

Results. Research indicates that fullerene C₆₀ at therapeutic doses of 0.1 μM and 1.0 μM does not affect the functional activity, shape, or granularity of human platelets during co-cultivation. When present, measurements such as PTT, APTT, thrombin activity, factor Xa, plasma protein C, and the overall hemostatic potential of blood plasma remain stable.

Conclusions. Fullerene C₆₀ may be used in clinical settings as a bioinert carrier that interacts with blood at therapeutic doses without affecting or activating the hemostatic system.

Keywords: fullerene C₆₀, hemostasis, platelets, biocompatibility

Information about the authors
Volodymyr CHERNYSHENKO ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6564-8823
Olga MATYSHEVSKA ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0587-5124
Yulia VINNІCHUK ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3148-8067
Andrii LABYNTSEV ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1793-4630

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