ISSN 2410-7751 (Print)
ISSN 2410-776X (Online)
Biotechnologia Acta Т. 18, No. 2, 2025
P. , Bibliography 3 , Engl.
UDС: 577.15, 543.272.8, 621.314
DEVELOPING A NEW ELECTROCHEMICAL ENZYME BIOSENSOR FOR HIGHLY SENSITIVE DETERMINATION OF HEAVY METAL IONS
V. A. Bakhmat 1,2 , O.O. Soldatkin 1,2 , S.V. Dzyadevych 1,2, V.M. Pyeshkova 1,2,3
1Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv
2Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine
3School of Engineering and Innovation, The Open University, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, United Kingdom
Aim. This work was purposed to develop a new electrochemical enzyme biosensor for the highly sensitive determination of heavy metal ions.
Methods. The electrochemical transducers consisted of two pairs of gold-interdigitated electrodes that connected to the impedimetric measuring device. Urease was immobilized with glutaraldehyde on one electrode pair, while a ref-erence membrane with BSA was prepared similarly. Measurements were con-ducted in 5 mM PBS (pH 7.35) using differential mode to compensate for non-specific signal variations.
Results. The biosensor detected multiple HMIs with high sensitivity and showed high work reproducibility (RSD = 2.28%). EDTA treatment success-fully restored enzyme activity, allowing various reuses. The sensor retained 85% activity after 18 months at 4 °C, confirming its long-term stability.
Conclusions. This biosensor provides a cost-effective, sensitive, and reus-able platform for sensitive HMIs detection in wastewater, offering an alterna-tive to conventional analytical techniques.
Keywords: biosensor, enzyme inhibition, urease, heavy metal ions.
© Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 2025